niclosamide in preventing the spread and the severity of COVID-19

https://youtu.be/Cjuu5Xw5AcE

A clinical research team at Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University today published the results of the first randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial of the effectiveness of niclosamide, an oral medication long-used worldwide for treatment of tapeworms, in COVID-19 patients. The study, sponsored by Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Institute (CTSI) and funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), found that niclosamide did not show a statistically significant reduction in the percentage of adult outpatients with mild to moderate COVID-19 still testing positive at day three, but provided signals of benefit that warrant further study in larger trials. As reported today in JAMA Network Open, Principal Investigator Harry Selker, MD, MSPH, Dean of Tufts CTSI and Executive Director of the Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies at Tufts Medical Center, and colleagues, evaluated viral shedding of the virus that causes COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2. The study was conducted using an entirely remote clinical trial platform developed specifically for the study, to avoid requiring patients to have to visit the hospital and to support maintenance of participants’ self-quarantining. Approved by the US FDA for treatment of tapeworm infection in 1982, and used worldwide for 50 years in millions of adults, pregnant women, and children as young as two years old, is included in the World Health Organization (WHO) list of essential medicines, as it is very safe, and it is affordable and widely available. The researchers hypothesized that its antiviral characteristics seen in basic research experiments might prevent the COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 virus from entering and replicating in human cells. Niclosamide has demonstrated antiviral efficacy across multiple variants of SARS-CoV-2 in laboratory studies, suggesting that it may be effective against COVID-19, including all variants of the virus. The pre-selected time-point for testing niclosamide’s impact on oropharyngeal (respiratory) clearance of SARS-CoV-2 was at day three after treatment. At that point, a larger proportion of patients who took niclosamide were clear of the virus (66.7%) than those who received placebo (55.9%). However, with only 73 patients enrolled in the study, the difference was not statistically significant.   “With its long-standing excellent safety profile, worldwide availability, and promising antiviral activity, we are delighted to have been able to do the first study of niclosamide for treating COVID-19,” said Dr. Selker.  “The patients who seemed to show the greatest benefit in terms of reducing contagious period and duration of symptoms were those with higher viral loads and likely more moderate disease. However, larger studies will be needed to further explore and confirm some of these promising signals, and potentially show niclosamide as a therapeutic option for preventing COVID-19-exposed individuals from even developing the disease.”  The study found that 45% of enrolled participants who shed SARS-CoV-2 via both oral and intestinal routes (i.e., present in stool) had higher viral loads than those with SARS-CoV-2 only detectable in oral swabs. Among those patients with higher overall viral load (and potentially moderate as opposed to mild disease), the average time to respiratory clearance of SARS-CoV-2 in the placebo group was 5.3 days, compared to 3.2 days in patients receiving niclosamide. However, in those patients with lower viral loads, the average time to clear SARS-CoV-2 from respiratory samples was faster, 2.9 days, regardless of treatment group.   Beyond the elimination of the virus from respiratory samples, the study looked at how long COVID-19 symptoms lasted.  Across all patients, the average time to resolution of all symptoms was 14.6 days in the placebo group, compared to 12.0 days in the niclosamide group. This difference was greater in those patients with higher viral loads of SARS-CoV-2, with an average time to symptom resolution of 15.4 days in the placebo group, versus 10.5 days in the niclosamide group.

With obesity as a known risk factor for severe COVID-19, the average time to symptom resolution in participants with body mass indices (BMIs) of 25 or greater in the placebo arm was 16.5 days, compared to 11.6 days in the niclosamide group. These results indicate that niclosamide may reduce duration of COVID-related symptoms across higher-risk populations.

Niclosamide has been used worldwide for 50 years in millions of adults, pregnant women, and children as young as two years old.  If it is proven to be effective for COVID-19, it will already be accepted as safe, and is already widely available.  Also, it should not be affected by mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 virus.  The researchers plan additional, larger studies to determine the effectiveness of niclosamide in reducing the duration of COVID-19 contagiousness and symptoms in children and adolescents and pregnant women, and in preventing the disease in those who are exposed to COVID-19.  “Given the promising results of this pilot study, we plan to conduct larger follow-up studies to further evaluate niclosamide in these defined populations,” said Dr. Selker.  “If confirmed in future trials, niclosamide could be a very effective widely available and inexpensive tool in preventing the spread and the severity of COVID-19.”



More information: Dana M. Cairns et al, Efficacy of Niclosamide vs Placebo in SARS-CoV-2 Respiratory Viral Clearance, Viral Shedding, and Duration of Symptoms Among Patients With Mild to Moderate COVID-19, JAMA Network Open (2022). DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.44942

Provided by Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Citation: Results of first clinical trial of niclosamide antiviral in patients with COVID-19 show further research needed (2022, February 9) retrieved 6 March 2022 from https://medicalxpress.com/news/2022-02-results-clinical-trial-niclosamide-antiviral.html

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IMF: Ukraine war to make ‘severe impact’ on world economy

WASHINGTON (Reuters) -The International Monetary Fund on Saturday said it expected to bring Ukraine’s request for $1.4 billion in emergency financing to its board for approval as early as next week and was in talks about funding options with authorities in neighboring Moldova. In a statement, the global lender said the war in Ukraine was already driving energy and grain prices higher, and had sent a wave of more than 1 million refugees to neighboring countries, while triggering unprecedented sanctions on Russia. “While the situation remains highly fluid and the outlook is subject to extraordinary uncertainty, the economic consequences are already very serious,” the IMF said in a statement after a board meeting chaired by Managing Director Kristalina Georgieva. “The ongoing war and associated sanctions will also have a severe impact on the global economy,” it warned, noting that the crisis was creating an adverse shock to inflation and economic activity at a time when price pressures were already high. It said price shocks would be felt worldwide, and authorities should provide fiscal support for poor households for whom food and fuel made up a higher proportion of expenses, adding that the economic damage would increase if the war escalated. Sweeping sanctions imposed on Russia by the United States, European countries and others would also have “a substantial impact on the global economy and financial markets, with significant spillovers to other countries.” In addition to the human toll, Ukraine was experiencing substantial economic damage, with sea ports and airports closed and damaged, and many roads and bridges damaged or destroyed. “While it is very difficult to assess financing needs precisely at this stage, it is already clear that Ukraine will face significant recovery and reconstruction costs,” it said. The board was expected to consider Ukraine’s request for $1.4 billion in emergency financing as early as next week. Ukraine also has $2.2 billion available through June under an existing stand-by arrangement, the IMF said last week. Moldova and other countries with close economic ties to Ukraine and Russia were at “particular risk” of scarcity and supply disruptions, the IMF said. It said IMF staff were actively discussing funding options with Moldova, which has requested an augmentation and rephasing of its existing $558 million IMF loan program to help meet the costs of the current crisis. NN: The world cannot stand $100+ oil..The world cannot abandoned fossil fuels for renewables whose day has not arrived yet. And as i have been screaming for YEARS the world cannot rely upon Russia or the Arabs for its critical enrgy supplies…

IAEA: Iran nuclear deal not reachable yet

Talks on reviving the 2015 Iran nuclear deal appeared to near a climax with talk of an imminent ministerial meeting as a U.N. report on Thursday showed Iran is most of the way to amassing enough enriched uranium for one bomb if purified further. “We are close to a possible deal,” Jalina Porter, the U.S. State Department’s principal deputy spokesperson, told reporters but cautioned that unsolved issues remained and that time was of the essence given the pace of Iran’s nuclear advances. v“We are very close to an agreement,” chief British negotiator Stephanie Al-Qaq said on Twitter late Thursday, according to The Wall Street Journal. “Now we have to take a few final steps.” The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) report showed Iran’s stock of uranium enriched up to 60% fissile purity had almost doubled to 33.2 kg (110 pounds), which a senior diplomat said was around three-quarters of the amount needed, if enriched further, for a nuclear bomb according to a common yardstick.  The U.N. nuclear watchdog report was seen by Reuters as negotiators seek to resurrect the deal between world powers and Iran under which Tehran agreed to limit its nuclear program in return for relief from economic sanctions that slashed its oil exports. Global oil prices, which had surged to their highest levels in roughly a decade because of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, steadied on expectations the deal may be restored, allowing more Iranian oil to flow into a tight market. However, U.S., Iranian and European officials all said an agreement had not yet been struck even as some participants were upbeat.  “There are some issues that need to be finalized … the outstanding issues are relatively small, but not yet settled,” said Russia’s envoy, Mikhail Ulyanov, who in public has been the most optimistic participant in the 11 months of talks. Ulyanov told reporters that he did not believe the talks would now collapse and a ministerial meeting – typically where a deal would be blessed – was likely but he could not say if it would be on Saturday, Sunday or Monday. An Iranian foreign ministry spokesperson said more work was needed, however, and a White House official said there was “no change” from Wednesday, when it had said all sides were working to clarify the most difficult issues “Some relevant issues are still open and success is never guaranteed,” Enrique Mora, the European Union diplomat coordinating the talks, wrote on Twitter. “We are definitely not there yet.” Another wild card is an effort by the IAEA to resolve questions about nuclear material that the Vienna-based agency suspects Iran failed to declare, another obstacle to reaching an agreement to revive the deal. The IAEA has found particles of processed uranium at three apparently old sites that Iran never declared and has repeatedly said Tehran has not provided satisfactory answers. Iran wants the IAEA investigation ended as part of an agreement but Western powers have argued that issue is beyond the scope of the 2015 deal, to which the IAEA is not a party. IAEA Director-General Rafael Grossi will travel to Tehran on Saturday hoping to agree on a process that would lead to the end of the investigation, potentially clearing a way for the wider agreement, diplomats said. Prime Minister Naftali Bennett of Israel, which opposes revival of the deal with its arch-foe Iran, said he spoke with Grossi about the unexplained traces. The agreement between Iran and world powers was designed to make it harder for Iran to accumulate the fissile material for a bomb, an ambition it has long denied. Then-President Donald Trump pulled the United States out of the deal in 2018, reimposing tough economic sanctions on Tehran. Iran responded by breaching many of the deal’s restrictions. Western powers have said Iran’s nuclear progress may soon make the talks pointless, a possibility illustrated by the IAEA report. It showed Iran’s stock of uranium enriched to up to 60% fissile purity rose by 15.5 kg to 33.2 kg (46 to 110 pounds). A common yardstick is that 25 kg of uranium enriched to 90% is what is theoretically needed for one bomb. How much is required in real life would depend on further processes the material would still have to go through to make an actual bomb, said the senior diplomat on condition of anonymity. NN: What is the one lesson every rouge regime has learned…. Ukraine has taught got nukes no one fucks with you no nukes and your days are numbed. I guarantee you Iran has now gotten nukes…. Like Israel deny deny deny….. OFFICIALLY

Oil surges to multi-year highs as Russian supply shortfall looms

New York: Oil surged on Friday, ending the week at multi-year highs as Russia’s invasion of Ukraine intensified and oil buyers shunned barrels from the world’s second-largest exporter of crude. Crude prices posted their largest weekly gains since the middle of 2020, with the Brent benchmark up 21 per cent and US crude gaining 26 per cent. The most commonly traded oil futures closed at levels not seen since 2013 and 2008, respectively. Oil surged throughout the week as the United States and allies heaped sanctions on Russia that, while not aimed at Russian oil and gas sales, nonetheless squeezed its industry, and threatens a growing supply crunch in coming months. Brent futures rose $7.65, or 6.9 per cent, to settle at $118.11 a barrel, while US West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude rose $8.01, or 7.4 per cent, to end at $115.68. That was the highest close for Brent since February 2013 and for WTI since September 2008. During the week, Brent rose to its highest intraday since May 2012 and WTI its highest since September 2008.

Russia exports 4 million to 5 million barrels of oil daily, making it the second-largest crude exporter in the world after Saudi Arabia. Traders were barely able to sell Russian oil all week, with Shell PLC on Friday the only notable buyer of a Russian cargo, which was sold at a steep $28-discount to physical Brent crude.

The tumult is likely to continue. The Biden administration, under pressure from lawmakers from both major parties, said it is considering options for cutting US imports of Russian oil even as it tries to minimize the impact on global supplies and on consumers. “While US oil imports from Russia are small in a global context,” UBS analyst Giovanni Staunovo said crude prices rallied late in the day because “some market participants might be concerned that other countries might follow that step.” Britain will look to target Russia’s energy sector in future rounds of sanctions, its foreign minister said Friday. The government has resisted this move so far, due to concerns that it will push up energy bills. Most Americans support the idea of banning Russian oil imports, with 80 per cent saying the United States should stop buying Russian oil, according to a Reuters/Ipsos poll completed on Friday. Canada banned imports of Russian oil earlier in the week. Russia’s largest buyers include China, South Korea, Germany and the Netherlands. Some refiners have stopped buying Russian oil, and trading firms are reluctant to transact with Russian sellers for fear of more sanctions. Indirect talks between Iran and the United States on reviving the 2015 Iran nuclear deal were close to reaching an agreement, the chief British envoy said on Friday as she and her French and German colleagues flew home to brief ministers. Analysts said such an agreement could add another 1 million barrels of daily supply to the market, but that would not be enough to offset declining supply from Russia. More oil supplies are set to be added from a coordinated release of just over 60 million barrels of oil reserves by developed nations, agreed this week. Japan said on Friday that it plans to release 7.5 million barrels of oil. NN: sooner rather then later… supplies will be restored and oil will plunge… Right now we got the chicken with its head cut off hysteria…. Soon goveremnt world wide will unshaken the oil industry and allow them to suck in oil from the devil himself if that is what it takes to calm the voters who are getting killed with the energy crises inducted embedded, run away inflation…..

WH: US looks to cut consumption of Russian oil

WASHINGTON (Reuters) -The Biden administration is weighing cutting U.S. imports of Russian oil and ways to minimize the impact on global supplies and consumers, the White House said on Friday, as lawmakers fast-track a bill that would ban Russian energy imports entirely. “We are looking at ways to reduce the import of Russian oil while also making sure that we are maintaining the global supply needs out there,” White House spokeswoman Jen Psaki told reporters at a briefing. The White House remains in contact with U.S. lawmakers over the issue, she said. U.S. Senators Joe Manchin, a West Virginia Democrat, and Lisa Murkowski, an Alaska Republican, on Thursday proposed bipartisan legislation to ban Russian energy imports in response to the invasion of Ukraine, calling it a counter to Russia “weaponizing” energy. The bill is getting fast-tracked in the Senate, and the White House could rely on the legislation to ban imports, a move that would help share the blame for any price spikes. A broad bipartisan majority of Americans think the United States should stop buying Russian oil, according to a Reuters/Ipsos poll completed on Friday. Some 80% of Americans – including solid majorities of Republicans and Democrats – support the measure. Still, the White House is proceeding cautiously, concerned about a spike in gasoline prices that would add to decades-high inflation. Americans are by far the world’s heaviest consumers of gasoline, thanks to big cars, long driving distances and little public transportation in many areas, and rising gas prices have traditionally been political poison for U.S. leaders. The United States imported more than 20.4 million barrels of crude and refined products a month on average in 2021 from Russia, about 8% of U.S. liquid fuel imports, according to the Energy Information Administration (EIA). White House economic adviser Cecilia Rouse noted that while the United States does not import much Russian oil, it is still reviewing a range of possible steps. “What’s really most important is that we maintain (a) steady supply of global energy,” she said at the briefing, adding that the administration was “considering a range of options that we could take right now if we were going to cut” consumption of Russian energy. Their comments come as oil prices have soared over the past week after the United States and its allies sanctioned Russia following its invasion of Ukraine.  NN: If the Biden First act of his presidency was not to ban ALL oil permits, pipelines,  fracking, drilling and exploration on Federal lands the US would be a net exporter of oil and natural gas . WHY does the middle east, and Russia dominate oil exploration, production and exportation of oil?… Simple their are no restrictions.. The UK banned all fracking and North Sea oil and gas permits… Europe banned the Mediterranean natural gas pipeline, all oil drilling and fracking. England and German shut down Nuclear reactors whole sale. In essence they empowered Putin. Now those chickens are coming home to roost.

Natural gas prices surge 30% to hit new records….. U.S. Gasoline Prices Surge By $0.20 In A Week

Prices of natural gas soared more than 30% on Friday, hitting record levels amid the Russia-Ukraine conflict. Investors remained concerned that Russia’s intervention in Ukraine could cause energy supply shortages around the world despite efforts by Europe to stop relying on Russian gas. After hitting record levels of over £500 per therm, UK natural gas futures for delivery in April surged 33.90% to £463.77 per therm at 4:16 pm CET.

U.S. Gasoline Prices Surge By $0.20 In A Week

U.S. gasoline prices have surged by 20 cents in just a week, as the Russian invasion of Ukraine sent international crude oil prices soaring above $110 per barrel. The national average now stands at $3.781/gal, “up an amazing 20c/gal from a week ago,” Patrick De Haan, head of petroleum analysis for fuel-savings app GasBuddy, said on Friday. The daily rise was among the ten biggest daily increases ever and the highest recorded outside August and September at 6.5c/gal, De Haan added. On Thursday, for the first time ever, a U.S. city breached the $5/gal per gallon average—this is San Francisco, De Haan tweeted yesterday. Earlier this week, De Haan predicted that the national average could potentially jump to $3.90/gal by St. Patrick’s Day, and possibly to a record-breaking $4.10 by April 1. Per AAA data, the national average of regular gasoline was $3.837/gal early on Friday. Last month, the national average was $3.423 per gallon, and at this time last year it was $2.745/gal. Since last Thursday, the start of Putin’s war in Ukraine, the following ten states have seen the largest increases in their averages, according to AAA: Michigan (+39 cents), Indiana (+36 cents), Illinois (+31 cents), Ohio (+30 cents), Tennessee (+26 cents), Kentucky (+24 cents), South Carolina (+20 cents), Georgia (+21 cents), Delaware (+19 cents), and Alabama (+18 cents). “An increase in gas demand, alongside a reduction in total supply, is contributing to price increases, but increasing oil prices continue to play a leading role in pushing prices higher. Pump prices will likely continue to rise as crude prices continue to climb,” AAA said on Thursday. “The market will likely continue to increase the price of oil as more sanctions are imposed on Russia. A potential ban of crude imports from Russia to the U.S. or other countries will likely cause prices to continue to rise to reflect more risk of disruption to tight global oil supplies,” AAA noted. Early on Friday, oil prices were up by 2%, with WTI Crude at $110.50 and Brent Crude at $113.44.   NN: I am counting on higher oil and natural gas,,,,, so i can short the shit out of it

Wall St falls at open as Ukraine worries outweigh strong jobs data

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Reuters) – Wall Street’s main indexes opened lower on Friday as concerns over the intensifying conflict in Ukraine overshadowed data that showed an acceleration in jobs growth last month.

The Dow Jones Industrial Average fell 139.23 points, or 0.41%, at the open to 33,655.43. The S&P 500 opened lower by 21.37 points, or 0.49%, at 4,342.12, while the Nasdaq Composite dropped 82.71 points, or 0.61%, to 13,455.23 at the opening bell.

UN Nuclear Watchdog: Iran Sharply Increased Its Stockpile Of Enriched Uranium

VIENNA (AP) — The United Nations’ atomic watchdog said Thursday that it believes Iran has significantly increased its stockpile of highly enriched uranium in breach of a 2015 accord with world powers. The International Atomic Energy Agency told member nations in its confidential quarterly report that Iran has an estimated 33.2 kilograms (73.1 pounds) of uranium enriched to up to 60% fissile purity, an increase of 15.5 kilograms since November. Such highly enriched uranium can be easily refined to make atomic weapons, which is why world powers have sought to contain Tehran’s nuclear program. The 33.2-kilogram figure brings Iran closer to having enough weapons-grade uranium to produce a nuclear weapon. In a report to member states about its work in Iran seen by The Associated Press, IAEA estimated that as of Feb. 19, Iran’s stockpile of all enriched uranium was 3197.1 kilograms, an increase of 707.4 kilograms. Iran’s supreme leader calls for a halt to the war in Ukraine and blames Washington for the crisis saying Ukraine is simply the latest “victim” of US policies, pointing to Afghanistan as a previous example. The Vienna-based agency said it was unable to verify the exact size of Iran’s stockpile of enriched uranium due to limitations Tehran imposed on U.N. inspectors last year. IAEA’s monitoring and verification activities in Iran continue to be “seriously affected” by Iran’s decision to stop letting inspectors access the agency’s monitoring equipment, the report states. Senior diplomats from Britain, China, France, Germany and Russia have been meeting with Iranian officials in Vienna since November to discuss bringing Tehran back into compliance with the 2015 Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action. The pact eased sanctions on Iran in return for curbs on its nuclear program. The United States pulled out of the accord under former President Donald Trump and reimposed sanctions on Iran, prompting Tehran to resume its uranium enrichment. The IAEA announced earlier Thursday that Director General Rafael Mariano Grossi would travel to Tehran for meetings with senior Iranian officials on Saturday. Asked to characterize the cooperation with Iranian officials and whether there had been any progress, Grossi said at a Wednesday press conference in Vienna, “We are working very hard.” NN: A star is born….. In this case a death star. Now that Iran has enough material for 10 nukes, its time to make a deal……..

Euro set for biggest weekly drop in 7 years as war in Ukraine intensifies

LONDON (Reuters) – The euro extended its falls across the board on Friday and was poised for its biggest weekly drop in seven years against the Swiss franc as investors dumped the single currency as the war in Ukraine intensified. Europe’s economy is the most vulnerable to the Russian invasion of Ukraine and investors have ramped up selling of the single currency this week as the outlook for the economy darkened. Against the Swiss franc, the euro fell 0.7%, taking its losses to more than 3% this week. That puts it on track for the biggest weekly drop since January 2015. The euro weakened 0.8% against the dollar, falling below $1.10 for the first time since May 2020. It is down more than 2.6% this wee st. and on track for its biggest loss since April 2020. A huge blaze at the site of Europe’s biggest nuclear power station was extinguished on Friday, and officials said the plant in southeastern Ukraine was operating normally after it was seized by Russian forces in fighting that caused global alarm. NN: In the trust the currency is pounds since its a English trust.  But the carry trade currency is the Euro. For two reasons… We can buy Euros very cheap and the forces of nature are aligned against the Euro for now as the worlds shits itself. Only a congenital idiot would have not seen what Russia is doing. They have been brutally  invading country after country sine Putin came to power….. His move is very calculated (including understanding the consequences) which he can stand. He truly is a evil genus… As far as Europe is concerned the Euro will  soon stabilize after this plunge and then rally back. This is not a traditional EU country problem. But is it a crises for the former Soviet States……